潜用抛弃式有线浮标及其关键技术

潜用抛弃式有线浮标可作为水下潜艇隐蔽获取水面外部信息的一种特殊手段.本文介绍了潜用抛弃式有线浮标的功能和组成,对设计中的关键技术进行分析,并提出相应的解决思路.     

极地航行法规与准则现状

受全球气候变暖的影响,两极冰融现象日益加剧.北极冰层的大面积融化促进了北极航线的开发,南极的冰雪美景也吸引了越来越多的游客乘船观光.本文针对极地航行的特殊性和挑战性,从极地安全航行和环境保护的角度出发,阐述了现行的极地水域国家相关的法律法规、国际公约、IMO和IACS等国际性组织出台的一系列规则和要求,并分析了IMO强制性《极地水域船舶作业国际规则》对船舶及海上人命安全和极地海洋环境保护的要求.     

基于新版SCFI衍生品市场的操纵前瞻性

为促进上海航运中心软环境建设,以航运衍生品交易市场为研究对象,通过定性分析,认为集装箱运费指数衍生品交易市场的操纵力量来源最可能是航运企业,然后以我国主要的航运企业为样本运用统计指标,分析得出大型航运企业能形成对航运衍生品交易市场的操纵。     

舰机协同反潜导航问题研究

文章从目前舰机协同反潜中存在的导航精度不高和抗干扰性差的问题出发,分析了影响反潜导航的因素,提出了应用舰艇编队雷达组网方法提高导航能力的思路。     

兰渝线桐子林隧道岩溶特征及整治方案探讨

文章介绍了兰渝线桐子林隧道施工中揭示的3处岩溶、暗河、岩溶水的发育特征,以及对不同岩溶提出了几种针对性的整治方案,并进行了方案分析、比选探讨.目前隧道施工已穿过岩溶地段,并已取得初步成效,特别是隧道通过后未产生新的水环境问题.     

Compensation of pressure enthalpy effects on temperature fields for throttling of high-pressure real gas

For the pressure enthalpy of high pressure pneumatics, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation based on ideal gas assumption fails to obtain the real temperature information. Therefore, we propose a method to compensate the pressure enthalpy of throttling for CFD simulation based on ideal gas assumption. Firstly, the pressure enthalpy is calculated for the pressure range of 0.101 to 30 MPa and the temperature range of 190 to 298 K based on Soave-Redlich-Kwong (S-R-K) equation. Then, a polynomial fitting equation is applied to practical application in the above mentioned range. The basic idea of the compensation method is to convert the pressure enthalpy difference between inlet air and nodes into the compensation temperature. In the above temperature and pressure range, the compensated temperature is close to the real one, and the relative temperature drop error is below 10%. This error is mainly caused by the velocity difference of the orifice between the real and ideal gas models. Finally, this compensation method performs an icing analysis for practical high pressure slide pilot valve.     

Effect of orthogonal stiffeners on the stability of axially compressed steel jacking pipe

Load conditions for steel pipe-jacking are complex during the construction stage. The stability of steel jacking pipe has been an increasingly important problem as jacking forces, pipe diameters and jacking distances increase. However, there are no standards for pipe reinforcement, for prevention of buckling, or for remedying pipe that buckles when being jacked axially. Past experience suggests that stiffeners can effectively reinforce the structure. This study analyzes the effect of different stiffeners on the stability of steel jacking pipe under axial compression using finite element analysis. The results suggest that the stability of steel jacking pipe can be significantly improved by using orthogonal stiffeners, in terms of engineering costs and construction space inside the pipe. Based on current engineering practice, the application of orthogonal stiffeners is discussed. This study provides a useful reference for the design and construction of steel jacking pipe.     

自锚式悬索桥合理成桥索力探讨

基于三元构件之斜拉桥合理成桥状态确定的思想,给出刚性支承连续梁法和最小弯曲能量法确定自锚式悬索桥合理成桥索力的思路,讨论落架方式对成桥索力的影响,并以佛山平胜大桥为例,进行实桥分析计算。     

确定边坡潜在滑移面的方法研究

运用极限平衡法在进行边坡稳定性分析时,首先要假定潜在滑移面,这存在一定的主观性。为此,可将极限平衡法和有限元强度折减法结合起来,根据有限元计算的应力和变形计算结果,确定边坡内部可能发生滑移的潜在滑移面,以弥补极限平衡法在滑移面假定上的不足。通过算例,采用塑性位移等值线梯度方向上特征节点位移的突变作为失稳判据,用强度折减弹塑性有限元法计算边坡内的应力和变形,得到假定的潜在滑动面,并用B ishop法计算安全系数。结果表明,用有限元强度折减法寻找潜在的滑移面是可行的。     

燃料辅助喷射对柴油机起动着火及排放的影响

为了研究辅助燃料对柴油机起动工况着火及排放的影响规律,在柴油机起动过程中,向进气道内分别喷射不同浓度的乙醚和C3H8进行了试验。试验结果表明:辅助喷射适当种类的燃料,可实现诱导、促进着火并改善燃烧的目的。辅助燃料除应具备良好的挥发性外,其着火性也是改善起动性能的重要因素。进气道喷射C3H8会抑制起动着火性,随喷射浓度的增加,燃烧恶化,HC排放升高;喷射适量浓度乙醚,可以促进起动过程着火,完全消除起动工况失火和不完全燃烧循环,在降低HC排放的同时,减少PM排放50%以上。